The People's Republic of China, commonly referred to as China, is a country with a long history and ancient civilization. As early as 4,000 BC, there were settlements in the range of Yellow River. Chinese always tell their history from the Xia Dynasty, which began in the 21st century BC and was followed by all the dynasties until 1911 when Sun Yat-sen was proclaimed the president of the Republic of China. Shortly before the Anti-Japanese War (1936-1945), under the leadership of the party and her chairman, Mao Zedong, the Chinese people founded the People's Republic of China in 1949.  After 1978, when Mr. Deng Xiaoping came into the top leader, China began a reform and opening program, and has enjoyed a 30 years of rapid development.